Genome-wide analysis of sequence conservation holds the prospect Genomic regions have demonstrated the power of such cross-speciesĬonservation to identify putative genes or regulatory elements Low enough that one can still align orthologous sequences, but highĮnough so that one can recognize many functionally importantĮlements by their greater degree of conservation. In the roughly 75 million years since theĭivergence of the human and mouse lineages, the process ofĮvolution has altered their genome sequences and caused them toĭiverge by nearly one substitution for every two nucleotides (seeīelow) as well as by deletion and insertion. Metaphorically, comparative genomics allows one to read evolu. Genomics, and one of the most powerful starting points forĬomparison is the laboratory mouse, Mus musculus. One of the most powerful general approachesįor unlocking the secrets of the human genome is comparative Recognized easily in the human sequence, but many are subtle andĭifficult to discern. The structural elements that govern chromosome function, and the The regulatory elements that ensure proper expression of all genes, Information includes the blueprints for all RNAs and proteins, Mation encoded within its roughly 3 billion nucleotides. The next challenge is to extract the extraordinary trove of infor. With the complete sequence of the human genome nearly in hand Immunity the evolution of proteins and the identification of intraspecies polymorphism.

Genomes under selection the number of protein-coding genes the expansion of gene families related to reproduction and Of the genomes the much lower extent of sequence orthology covering less than half of the genomes the proportions of the We discuss topics including the analysis of theĮvolutionary forces shaping the size, structure and sequence of the genomes the conservation of large-scale synteny across most We also present an initial comparative analysis of the mouse and human genomes,ĭescribing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the two sequences. Here, we report the results of an international collaboration to produce a high-qualityĭraft sequence of the mouse genome. The sequence of the mouse genome is a key informational tool for understanding the contents of the human genome and a keyĮxperimental tool for biomedical research.

*A list of authors and their affiliations appears at the end of the paper Full Screen 'Initial sequencing and comparative

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